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Intergroup aggression is partially biological.
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... The authors here show that readiness to cooperate between individuals from different groups corresponds to the degree of cultural similarity between those groups. This is consistent with the theory of Cultural Group Selection as an explanation for the rise of human large-scale cooperation. ...

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... Monopoly is a real issue and problem in the US economy. 2. It is not, however, a major reason for the acceleration of inflation in 2021, nor can a crackdown on monopoly do a lot to bring inflation down. But what does that tell us? ...

... In fact, I see no hint that we'll see anything even as aggressive as JFK's (successful) jawboning on steel prices 5/ https://t.co/hlwGcMy3kq So why come down so hard on rhetoric that won't do any economic harm and might do (a bit of) good? ...

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... A lot of people think that the size of the American housing "bubble" in 2005 made a housing crash inevitable. But if you compare the US to peer nations this isn't so obvious. https://t.co/hGWTzTUZyN https://t.co/HsqHfSaqxU Canada, the UK, and France all had bigger housing booms than the US. ...

... When I share this image people sometimes suggest I'm cherry picking, since other major economies don't look like the ones for the UK, Canada and France here. ...

... Tight money put downward pressure on home prices throughout the Eurozone, but the effect was biggest for countries like Spain and Italy whose economies were otherwise most negatively affected by ECB policies. ...

... So return to to the US: most people think the size of the housing bust meant the Fed was powerless to prevent the Great Recession. I think this is backwards. If the Fed had cut rates more aggressively in 2007 and early 2008, we would have had a much smaller housing downturn. ...

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... In the Austrian theory, a recession is a process of resource re-allocation from capital-intensive to capital-light industries. Society needs to produce fewer factories and machine tools and more beer and pairs of pants (or whatever). ...

... In the Austrian theory, it’s important that central banks don’t interrupt this process by pushing interest rates back down to unnaturally low levels, because that interferes with this necessary re-allocation process. Ok so let’s think about 2006 to 2009. ...

... If that were true, then 2009 would have been a time when low-capital industries were aggressively hiring laid off construction workers. That did not happen on any significant scale. Even industries far from housing laid off workers or at least froze hiring in late 2008 and 2009. ...

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... There's a widespread view in inflation hawk circles that the BLS came under political pressure (in the 1990s and maybe before) to modify the CPI to reduced the measured inflation rate and hence reduce how much the government would have to pay in Social Security benefits. ...

... The CPI, the one used for adjusting Social Security benefits, tends to come in higher than the PCE index. Right now, for example, PCE inflation is 5.7 percent while CPI inflation is 7 percent. ...

... So if Newt Gingrich forced the BLS to lower the CPI as a backdoor way of cutting Social Security payments, did he force the BEA to do the same thing so it wouldn't look suspicious? ...

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... Very unlike the 2000s bubble 1/ In the Naughties, prices soared in places like SF and LA with constrained housing supply, but not in sprawling metros where building more homes was relatively easy 2/ https://t.co/lgRjHUXnj2 Now even sprawling metros and smaller cities are seeing huge price runups 3/ ...

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... This @JosephPolitano writeup is invaluable for understanding how this works. https://t.co/mmlaHCOVYW https://t.co/xtCyVhGzZl The use of OER to measure housing costs strikes a lot of people as goofy when they first hear about it. ...

... You could survey homeowners on their mortgage payments, but then would you price it based on the mortgages people actually pay (which would include people who bought homes 20 years ago and therefore have tiny payments) or what they would pay if they bought their house now? ...

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... This might explain the relatively flattened bell curve of IQ distribution in the male population. This part of the population is usually where the manipulation happens (i.e. politics) ...

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If intergroup aggression has a biological foundation (possibly resulted from cultural group selection and cultural genome co-evolution), it's more than likely already an evolutionary mismatch. The understanding of intergroup aggression as an evolutionary mismatch just like preference over sugar and fat might change intergroup aggression.
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... Inter-group aggression as a cultural meme has an advantage in culture group selection. Then, in gene-culture coevolution, this culture meme promotes biological tendencies for inter-group aggression in individual members. ...

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... Traits like ultra-altruism, large-scale cooperation, longing for belonging to a group, and intergroup aggression are hard to explain through individual gene selection alone. ...

... In comparison, Darwinian group selection (direct gene selection at the group level) has too many contingencies and, thus, is much less probable as the main selection force for these traits. ...

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... references/qwoOUjrRSwaFZrY5G3vEEA), as pointed out by the paper, can have a great impact if widely understood by the general public > though their effect on human self-understanding and self-images, will eventually assist us in dealing with not only the traumas of conflicts between individuals and small groups ...

... More specifics of this theory [Dealing with social circumstances was the real challenge in human evolution](https://themind.net/references/gcEc3uCVR_ePqgoY_DPriA) [Why humans continue to live in groups](https://themind.net/references/GjY_8sBoS4CFHn23oOoz9g) Recent research on [Human large-scale cooperation ...

... as a product of competition between cultural groups](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-14416-8) The [inclusive fitness theory](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusive_fitness) provides the math formula regarding social behavior as a product of group selection. ...

... The multilevel selection theory provides a specific model for how group competition can be a selection force for gene evolution. ...

... [Other theories about human the evolution of human intelligence ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_human_intelligence) [Another Paper about EDSC](http://web.missouri.edu/~gearyd/Flinnetal2005.pdf) by Flinn, Geary and Ward, comprehensively presented supporting evidences for this theory. ...

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Cultrual Group Selection EDSC
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... Looking at society as a gene pool that compete with other gene pools, the inner structure/stratification/diversity of the gene pool can be better understood and this can probably be done easily with some math model and computer simulation. ...

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gene pool EDSC
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... The connection from art appreciation to scenario-building to social skills to social competition is a bit too remote to establish selection pressure. ...

... Another possibly more direct link between art appreciation and social competition might be that the appreciation of art is an anchor for developing a common appreciation of abstract things and serves as a foundation for stronger social coherence such as religion which is also about common beliefs of ...

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ECDS
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... Only groups in which members fall to this kind of manipulation by their leaders can win against groups in which no one is as "foolish". Thus group selection (i.e. gene pool) will have adaption pressure on having some gene member manipulators and others manipulatees. ...

... This, like the programmed emotion apparatus for social conformity, is a natural result of EDSC. There is evidence showing this phenomenon in modern days. ...

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EDSC
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... As long as social groups still compete against each other, the political structure of those groups has to serve the function of competition. The so-called liberalism democracy as of now is still more like an oligarchy republic (as envisioned by the founding father). ...

... Will it morph into something different when social group competition completely disappears? I.e. when there is only one social group: the human race. Does that mean will can have a more radical democracy? ...

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End of History
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